Plastic litter is a major global environmental problem with its production drastically increased by
more than twenty-folds between 1964 and 2015, with an annual output of 322 million metric
tonnes, which is expected to double by 2035 and quadruple by 2050 if no action is taken. The
mismanaged plastic waste mostly originating from land is not only contaminating the land but
released to marine environment, polluting it and threatening biodiversity while also negatively
impacting the blue economy.